薏苡仁
【气味】甘、淡，微寒，无毒。
【功效】利水渗湿，健脾止泻，清热排脓，舒筋除痹。
--摘自《本草纲目》
现代药理研究
薏苡仁含薏苡仁酯、多糖、蛋白质、脂肪酸、黄酮及微量元素等多种活性成分[1]，具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、降血糖、抗炎镇痛、抗氧化、降血脂、抗纤维化等药理作用[2]，可用于肺癌、胃癌、肝癌等多种恶性肿瘤的辅助干预[3]，亦适用于代谢综合征、肥胖、非酒精性脂肪性肝病等功能性食品开发[4]，具有显著的药用价值、营养价值与经济价值[5]。
[1]李晓凯,顾坤,梁慕文,等.薏苡仁化学成分及药理作用研究进展.中草药,2020,51(21):5645-5657.
[2] 王春霞.薏苡仁多糖的提取及其降血糖活性研究.吉林大学,2022.DOI:10.27162/d.cnki.gjlin.2022.006262.
[3] 江鸿杰.扶正抗癌方药和薏苡仁酯辅助干预消化道肿瘤化疗效果的临床初观察.南京中医药大学,2012.
[4] 廖兰,林思童,梁骏峰,等.药食同源薏苡仁药理活性成分研究进展.食品科学,2025,46(10):358-367.
[5] 史淋萍,蔡舒茵,吴孟欣,等.浅析张仲景对于白术、薏苡仁的用药思路.中医临床研究,1-7[2025-12-30].https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.5895.R.20251218.1254.004.
现代医学中的应用
薏苡仁可作用于结直肠癌[1]、乳腺癌[2]及肺纤维化[3]；薏苡仁酯通过调控PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路抑制肿瘤细胞增殖并诱导凋亡[4]；薏苡仁多糖通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号减轻氧化应激，改善化疗相关疲劳[5]。
[1]Ma S, Yang B, Shi Y, Du Y, Lv Y, Liu J, Liu E, Xu H, Deng L, Chen XY. Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) Polyphenol Improves Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis through Regulating Intestinal Flora via AMPK Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2022 Dec;66(23):e2200447. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202200447. Epub 2022 Oct 20. PMID: 36214059.
[2]Chiang YF, Chung CP, Lin JH, Chiang W, Chen HY, Ali M, Shih YH, Wang KL, Huang TC, Chang HY, Lin LC, Shieh TM, Hsia SM. Adlay Seed (Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) Ethanolic Extract Fractions and Subfractions Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules. 2022 Jun 21;27(13):3984. doi: 10.3390/molecules27133984. PMID: 35807238; PMCID: PMC9268182.
[3]Miao G, Qin Y, Guo J, Zhang Q, Bao Y. Transcriptome characterization and expression profile of Coix lacryma-jobi L. in response to drought. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 3;16(9):e0256875. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256875. PMID: 34478459; PMCID: PMC8415600.
[4]Wu-Chen RA, Liu X, Wang C, Wang C, Wu C, Han J, Li Y, Ni L. The Nutritional Composition, Functional Properties, and Food Application of Adlay (Coix lacryma-Jobi L.): A Comprehensive Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2026 Jan;25(1):e70358. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.70358. PMID: 41392849.
[5]Chen HH, Chen YT, Huang YW, Tsai HJ, Kuo CC. 4-Ketopinoresinol, a novel naturally occurring ARE activator, induces the Nrf2/HO-1 axis and protects against oxidative stress-induced cell injury via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Free Radic Biol Med. 2012 Mar 15;52(6):1054-66. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.12.012. Epub 2011 Dec 24. PMID: 22245092.
